This revolved round the question of whether there is some generalizable divide between oral and literate cultures, and/or between oral and literate minds. I like that you put this in the forefront to acknowledge our inherent bias and limitation. Native American peoples such as the Zuni recount tales that portray approved as opposed to objectionable social behaviour or that explain the origins of natural phenomena. 11. They sometimes instructed followers to dig up crops, kill their pigs, or as did John Frum leaders on Tanna, discard all European money in order to open the gate to the cargo road. Two fundamental premises concerning media are at odds: the premise of radically different forms and the argument that a previous medium becomes the content of the new medium. (T. G. Gibson) In the above quote, Gibson Discusses the transition from orality to literacy. Most notably, they are rule-governed. /Parent 2 0 R Web17. has provided a forum for the profession, an array of opportunities for teachers functions of storytelling. /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R College Composition and Communication A primary oral culture is defined by Walter J. Ong (1982, p.11) as one that is completely void of any knowledge of writing or print while a secondary orality is a new orality sustained by telephone, radio, television, and other electronic devices that depend for their existence and function on writing and print. /Type /Annot A further twist comes in McLuhan's and Ong's vision of electrical and electronic technologies as ushering in a new age of secondary orality. This further links to suggestions that the apparent bias towards vision in Western cultures, often associated particularly with Gutenberg's printing press, is now being redressed by new opportunities for audio-communication, hence a greater role, once again, for oral expression. 6-9, 82). This in turn recalled the binary division between types of society envisaged by classic nineteenth and early twentieth century social theorists. Writing created a way to permanently store information as an object, which opened new opportunities for thinking about accuracy and meaning. Oral cultures use language and art to create meaningful stories called myths , which people used to /Subtype /Link Many people did not appreciate his critical investigation of the traditional truths that everyone in his society took for granted. The link between computer technology and literacy in educational practices can be described as moving through three main phases. The German literary scientist and media theorist Friedrich Kittler has described this as the development of different cultural techniques over time (Kittler, 1990). Cultural /CreationDate (D:20230502051429-04'00') The practices of speaking and writing coexist, they are socially as much as technologically shaped, and cultural variations undermine sweeping generalizations. The new literacy studies expanded this limited notion of literacy to take into account sociocultural influences. In India, the ancient Sanskrit word for philosophy is darsana, which means using rational thought to "see clearly" (Nussbaum, 1997, p. 45). /Type /Page 2. /Resources 29 0 R Title of chapter. endobj In the Handbook of Literacy and Technology (1998), with the subtitle Transformations in a post-typographic world, David Reinking et al. The majority of people were not literate because they still found their older oral traditions important and meaningful, and because there were not many schools to teach common people how to read, write, or think. 2023-05-02T05:14:29-04:00 147 0 obj % /Resources 25 0 R COMM 10: Module 1, Activity 1 ((N-dRCx3jU(t! vI.u` S Ong describes thought in an oral culture to be carried out in mnemonic patterns to increase retention and states that serious thought is sustained by communication and must be memorable. association of educators, is dedicated to improving the teaching and learning These are the essential areas that nurses can reflect on, and develop and apply in intercultural communication with patients and their families. Ong on the Differences between Orality and Literacy /S /D Webcore of communication. The written text could be independently read by many people over longer periods of time and over greater distances. Movement to this phase was stimulated by the recognition that ICT could be a vehicle to accomplish student-centered pedagogies. /Resources 39 0 R Official histories and sacred stories were primarily transmitted to the common people using the older oral practices. /Length 1857 WebOrality and Literacy as Factors of 'Black' and 'White' Communicative Behavior. The traditional mass media vary with respect to literacy Orality and Literacy In What Ways Are Oral and Literate /Type /Annot FIRST INFORMATION REVOLUTION. In ancient India, they were called parivrajaka, or "wanderers" who sought truth and spiritual enlightenment. Finnegan, a social anthropologist, argues for the importance of establish various kinds of relationships between described entities to provide contextualisation and support navigation through and beyond the library collection. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. /H /I Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. The field of composition studies draws on research and theories from a broad range of humanistic disciplinesEnglish studies, rhetoric, cultural studies, LGBT studies, gender studies, critical theory, education, technology studies, race studies, communication, philosophy of language, anthropology, sociology, and othersand from within composition and rhetoric studies, where a number of subfields have also developed, such as technical communication, computers and composition, writing across the curriculum, research practices, and the history of these fields. Knowledge is also a performance, a social act. Orality and Literacy - Springer /StructParent 3 /Subtype /Link Recently, it made possible the Internet that relies heavily on script, integrating other media as well. 18 0 obj Intervention Strategies For Diabetes | DiabetesTalk.Net In ancient Greece, oral performance consisted of acting out events through the production of public theatre, which involved singing, dancing, drunkenness, and prizes for competing story tellers (Demand, 1996, pp. /ColorSpace 48 0 R They became the intellectual property of a small group, often students and teachers, rather than the shared property of the whole society. They recorded more than 1,500 orally performed epic poems in an effort to determine how stories that often reached thousands of lines in length could be recalled and performed by individuals who could neither read nor write.
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