From that day, Catherine took a broken lance as her emblem, inscribed with the words "lacrymae hinc, hinc dolor" ("from this come my tears and my pain"), and wore black mourning in memory of Henry.[36]. "If Monsieur de Guise had perished sooner", she told the Venetian ambassador, "peace would have been achieved more quickly". [44], In June 1560, Michel de l'Hpital was appointed Chancellor of France. Margaret of Valois was the third daughter and seventh child of King Henry II of France and his Italian queen, Catherine de Medici. [29] Henry gave the Chteau of Chenonceau, which Catherine had wanted for herself, to Diane de Poitiers, who took her place at the centre of power, dispensing patronage and accepting favours. On 8 September 1588 at Blois, where the court had assembled for a meeting of the Estates, Henry dismissed all his ministers without warning. Catherine de [101] He went into hiding to fast and pray, surrounded by a bodyguard known as "the Forty-five", and left Catherine to sort out the mess. [45] Neither saw the need to punish Protestants who worshipped in private and did not take up arms. Huguenot writers later accused Catherine of murdering her with poisoned gloves. [118] There were also hundreds of portraits, for which a vogue had developed during Catherine's lifetime. I began this website in 2013 because I wanted to share these women's amazing stories. However, she was never in a position to control the country as a whole, which was on the brink of civil war. Catherine, in bed with a lung infection, had been kept in the dark. The challenges Catherine faced were complex and in some ways difficult for her to comprehend as a foreigner. D'Aubiac was executed, though not, despite Catherine's wish, in front of Margaret. On 11 April 1572, Margaret was betrothed to Henry of Navarre, the future King of Navarre and also in line for the French throne after Margarets brothers. Her merciful Edict of Amboise (March 1560) was followed in May by that of Romorantin, which distinguished heresy from sedition, thereby detaching faith from allegiance. She may have owed her change of fortune to the physician Jean Fernel, who may have noticed slight abnormalities in the couple's sexual organs and advised them how to solve the problem. Died: January 5, 1589, in Blois, France. She was later captured after villagers accused her of stealing, and she was about to be hanged when King Henry's son Sebastian de Poitiers interceded and decided to bring her to court to face trial. Inquisition was where he made his one and only cameo. Claude and Charles would go on to have nine children, of which seven would survive to adulthood. Also Known As : Caterina Maria Romola di Lorenzo de Medici. Catherines second great political crisis came with the premature death on December 5, 1560, of Francis II, whose royal authority the Guises had monopolized. Yes, Catherine De Medici has an illegitimate child named Clarissa Delacroix, after her affair with Richard Delacroix. Anyone who tells you differently is a liar. Elizabeth I was treated with similar suspicionshe too entertained questionable characters (such as her advisor, John Dee), and produced no official heir. [24] According to the court chronicler Brantme, "many people advised the king and the Dauphin to repudiate her, since it was necessary to continue the line of France". Catherine de Medici [129] Poets lauded her as the new Artemisia, after Artemisia II of Caria, who built the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus as a tomb for her dead husband. Some sources claim that Victoire was the one who was stillborn. Sebastian instead had Clarissa poisoned to fulfill Nostradamus' prophecy that Mary's arrival at the French court would cause Catherine's firstborn's death; Clarissa was technically Catherine's first child, and her death supposedly saved the sickly Prince Francis, the oldest legitimate child, from his own death. Catherine de' Medici married Henry, Duke of Orlans, the future Henry II of France, in Marseille on 28 October 1533. "[95], Many leading Roman Catholics were appalled by Catherine's attempts to appease the Huguenots. He defeated the dukes of Guise and Nemours, but the young Gabriel, comte de Montgomery, knocked him half out of the saddle. [70] After Catherine's daughter Elisabeth died in childbirth in 1568, she had touted her youngest daughter Margaret as a bride for Philip II of Spain. [10], Catherine was first cared for by her paternal grandmother, Alfonsina Orsini. After her brother's premature death in 1519, she educated his daughter Catherine, the future Queen of France . WebClarissa Delacroix was born in 1539, the illegitimate daughter of Queen Catherine de Medici of France and King Henry II of Frances boyhood friend Richard Delacroix. Catherine would later be referred to contemptuously in France as the shopkeepers daughter. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Catherine-de-Medici, World History Encyclopedia - Catherine de' Medici, History Learning Site - Biography of Catherine de Medici, Lorenzo di Piero de Medici, duca di Urbino. Her efforts won Catherine new respect from the French people. In 1570, Charles IX married Elisabeth of Austria, daughter of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. Henry arrived in the bedroom with King Francis, who is said to have stayed until the marriage was consummated. [96] The death of the heir to the throne in 1584 prompted the Duke of Guise to assume the leadership of the Catholic League. Clarissa and Catherine I have done to him what he was going to do to me. In 1556, Catherine nearly died giving birth to twin daughters, Jeanne and Victoire. After the Edict of Beaulieu, they had started forming local leagues to protect their religion. Henry wrote a note to Villeroy, which began: "Villeroy, I remain very well contented with your service; do not fail however to go away to your house where you will stay until I send for you; do not seek the reason for this my letter, but obey me." My name is Moniek and I am from the Netherlands. [125], Catherine de' Medici's great love among the arts was architecture. Catherine stayed by his bedside, but Diane kept away, "for fear", in the words of a chronicler, "of being expelled by the Queen". [57] Catherine, however, was delighted with the death of her ally. Henry II Subscribe to our free weekly newsletter and stay up to date on History of Royal Women's articles! Clarissa Delacroix (1539-1557) was the illegitimate daughter of Queen Catherine de Medici and the French noble Richard Delacroix. She was not strictly entitled to a role in Francis's government, because he was deemed old enough to rule for himself.
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