Direct link to cdelorey25's post . The German government set up a separate Colonial Department in 1907, and more money was invested in East Africa. He was responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies in the colony. This meant that the African people were to assimilate or absorb the French culture. Tanganyika Territory - Wikipedia The intelligentsia have the opportunity in this era of transition and adaptation to be of inestimable service to their country, or to clog the wheels of progress by causing racial animosities and preaching doctrines as yet impossible of realisation. What are the benefits of indirect rule versus direct rule? We can see this process at work by examining Camerons attitude to the various problems with which he dealt. During the period of colonization, Africans were ruled, patronized, discriminated against on racial grounds, and alienated politically and economically. Governor Provincial Administration. . The Colonial Secretary insisted that "a native name prominently associated with the territory" be selected. [1], The name was chosen by the British with the Treaty of Versailles, and as such the name took effect when Britain was given control of Tanganyika in 1920. . Tanganyika's main objective after the war was to ensure that its program for economic recovery and development went ahead. [7] To ensure that these resources could be moved easily, several railways were built. By the Anglo-German Agreement of 1886, the sultan of Zanzibars vaguely substantiated claims to dominion on the mainland were limited to a 10-mile- (16-km-) wide coastal strip, and Britain and Germany divided the hinterland between them as spheres of influence, the region to the south becoming known as German East Africa. Indirect rule Sir Donald Cameron, Governor from 1925-1931, was influenced by Lord Frederick Lugard, the ideologist of 'indirect rule', administration by chiefs approved by the colonial government. German Colonial Rule - African Studies - Oxford Bibliographies - obo direct and indirect impacts on r esource control and access. The country held its first elections in 1958 and 1959. It was applied in Namibia, Tanganyika, Togo etc. Germany was eager to exploit the resources of its new dependency, but lack of communications at first restricted development to the coastal area. In 1927, Tanganyika entered the Customs Union of the East Africa Protectorate and the Uganda Protectorate, which eventually became the independent countries of Kenya and Uganda, and the East African Postal Union, later the East African Posts and Telecommunications Administration. The British had controlled most of the land area since 1917, and Sir Horace Byatt, who headed the civilian administration during the war, became the first British Governor in 1920. A Land Ordinance (1923) ensured that African land rights were secure. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The continuing demand for primary produce strengthened the country's financial position. That this arrangement amounted to something more than lip service to the idea of democracy was demonstrated in 1965 and in subsequent elections when, although Nyerere was reelected again and again as the sole candidate for president, a considerable number of legislators, including cabinet ministers, lost their seats. 1988 concentrates on the early years . Once Britain took control of the colony, they wished it to be a "Black man's country". In return for their hard labour, they got nothing and this became a new form of slavery. The most important of which was the Central Line or Mittellandbahn, which connected much of the country towards the port city of Dar es Salam. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. They enjoyed the same rights like the White French. Before World War I, Tanganyika formed part of the German colony of German East Africa. Following the example of the British to the north, the Germans obtained a lease on the coastal strip from the sultan in 1888, but their tactlessness and fear of commercial competition led to a Muslim uprising in August 1888. It was officially acknowledged by the 1950's that indirect rule had outlived its usefulness, especially in those numerous cases where "the concept of a chief was absent". Work in connection with co-operative societies will, as Mr. Strickland points out, create new openings for the educated African. 11 representing Tanganyika, Kimambo, N. and Maddox, H. (2017) A New History of Tanzania. It was officially acknowledged by the 1950's that indirect rule had outlived its usefulness, especially in those numerous cases where "the concept of a chief was absent". This system was used by the Italians, Spanish and British in Northern Nigerand Uganda. Regional Commissioners As Britain took control of the Gold Coast they dominated trade, introduced new techniques, grew new crops, and demand control of other areas. j) People from the same traditional communities were divided and placed in different countries or colonies. East, John William. However, they did not put back any of the profi ts to develop the continent. The French practised the policy of Assimilation. Britain retained control of the region after World War II, when it became a United Nations trust territory. Find out more about saving content to . A Governor One of the features of Indirect Rule was the position of a Governor. g) Africans were discriminated against and mistreated in their own countries. The system of government used by the British in Kenya is shown below. [10] In 1963, TANU opened its doors to all members of society within Tanganyika, whereas it had previously only been open to Africans.[11]. Crime and Social Justice (the journals original title) merged with Issues in Criminology in 1976. The "tribal" system of indirect rule probably created more problems in Njombe District and throughout Tanganyika than it solved. Colonial Administrative System | History Form Three - Mwalimu Makoba entity. In 1890, the Germans and the British met and drew up the boundaries between the British areas and the German Territory of Tanganyika. The UK held Tanganyika as a League of Nations mandate until the end of World War II after which it was held as a United Nations trust territory. Direct Control is any time you have control of a limb or body part of your opponent without the use of the equipment they may be wearing at the time.
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